4th ESO. 3rd Evaluation. Theory part. IES Aravalle

Theory 4^th ESO. 3rd Evaluation. Volleyball and First Aid

Main rules of voleyball

1. A set (except the decisive 5th set) is won by the team that first scores 25 points with a minimum advantage of two. In the case of a tie 24-24, play continues until a two-point advantage is achieved (26-24, 27-25, etc.).

2. The match is won by the team that manages to win two sets (when the match is played in three sets), or three sets (when the match is five sets). In the latter case, if a draw is given 2-2, the decisive set (the 5th) is played at 15 points with a minimum advantage of two points.

3. Number of players. There must always be six players in play per team.

4. Rotation. When the receiving team wins the right to draw, their players rotate one position clockwise. The rotation order must be maintained throughout the set. When starting a new set, players can adopt the distribution they want.

5. Limits. The ball is "inside" when the contact of the ball with the ground occurs within the field including the lines of delimitation. The ball is "out" when the contact of the ball with the ground occurs completely outside the boundary lines.

6. Space. Each team must play within its own field. The ball can, however, be recovered from beyond its field.

7. Contact with the ball. The ball can touch any part of the body (head, foot, etc.). It must be hit, not held and / or thrown.

8. Net. A ball that crosses the net can touch it. Also if it's about the serve.

9. Serve. At the moment of the service hit, or the take off for a suspended serve, the server must not touch the court (including the baseline). It is forbidden to block the opponent's serve.

10. Time out. In each set, each team is entitled to a maximum of two time-outs for rest. Substitutions can be made.

First aid. Concepts

1. First aid, importance: Having basic notions of first aid can be very interesting, because throughout your life, on more than one occasion you will surely find yourself in a situation that requires your action. That is why it is so important to know what first aid and mistakes are that you should not commit in frequent situations.

2. Objective of first aid: The objective is to provide first aid before the emergency services arrive or to transfer the person to a health center. It can be of vital importance in severe cases, such as choking or heart failure because time is of the essence.

3. First Aid Techniques: If you are not sure that you are doing things right in front of an accident victim, it is better to wait and let the toilets act, moving the person away from the danger and ensuring that they are comfortable until they arrive. The notions about basic techniques of how to act before a burn, before a wound or cut, before a fracture, or before a fainting or cardiac arrest could save many situations and many lives.

4. First aid accident. When you witness an accident, do not move the victim and if you wear a helmet do not take it off. You could aggravate a possible spinal injury. Keep it in mind and notify emergencies. If the person has suffered a fainting, check that he breathes and has a pulse before acting. If you suspect that he has suffered a heat stroke, put him in the shade and also check his vital signs. If you keep your constants place it on your side. If this is not the case, CPR (cardio-pulmonary resuscitation) would be necessary.

5. Contusions and fractures: types and actions:

• Contusion

1. Apply local cold, without direct contact with the skin (wrapped in a cloth).

2. If it affects a limb, lift it.

3. In intense crushing, the affected area should be immobilized, as if it were a bone lesion.

• Sprain

1. Apply local cold.

2. Lift the affected limb and keep it at rest.

3. Do not move the affected joint.

• Luxation

1. Apply local cold.

2. Leave the joint as the limb is. Do not mobilize.

• Closed fracture

1. Apply local cold.

2. Do not touch the limb. Leave it at rest.

• Open fracture

1. Do not introduce the bone inside the limb.

2. Cover the wound with sterile gauze or clean cloths, preferably moistened.

3. Apply local cold.

4. Do not touch the limb. Leave it at rest.